Wooden building construction.



n11. BROWN.

WOODEN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLIoATIoN FILED P1111. 19, 1912.

1,057,704. Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

I 2 S'HEETS-SHBET l. Flyin. 5 Z4, E94/ COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH co..WASHINGTON. nA

H. BROWN.

WOODEN BUILDING` CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.19, 1912.

Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WOODEN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr.: 1, 1913.

Application filed February 19, 191211' Se'rialNoi 678,592.

vwill be employed.

Itis the object of my invention to provide a building construction inwhich small strips of material may be united into a double walled typeof structure with an interven- 20.-;ingfspace between, the aforesaidstrips being spaced apart and positioned'so as to fo-rm a plasteringsurface both for interior 'and exterior walls without the application oflath or other plaster-holding material. The aforesaid strips will alsoconstitute the frame-work of t-lie building` as well as theplaster-holding means and no studding, sheathing or lath as ordinarilyemployed will be required. Then the building is conipleted it will beunusually strong in character and exceptionally warm, as a completelyinsulated air space is provided between the walls."y As this space willrun from top to bottom of the walls without interruption vit willreadily be seen that the structure will be such asto produce a buildingVthat will Abe in a high degree protected from outside temperature andfrom moisture.v

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear in connectionwith the detailed description thereof and are particularly pointed outin the' claims.`

In the drawings, illust-rating the application of'my invention in oneforum-Figure 1 is a prospective elevation of the portion of awal'l'embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top vplan of a small section.Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the manner of breaking joints. Fig. 4is an enlarged transverse sectionl of a portion of a wall structure.Fig.- 5 is a side elevation of a fragment of thewall showing the mannerof setting the joists into the wall. Fig. 6 is a section of a wall laidfrom the foundation. Fig. 7 illustrates themanner of forming the gableend respectively, of a column or pillar, suchas Fig.. 11 shows yaflooring* porch column.' strip formed of edgingsand which may' be" laidwithout the employment of joists.- Fig.

12 is'a fragmentof'a built-up"floor'jois't Referring toFig. '6, upon'thfoundation 10 a cap board 11 may be laid in mortar'. T

this cap board wedge-shaped strips 12 are nailed flush with the edges ofthe vcap board 11, providingsurfa'ces incl-ined toward thel center ofthe cap board 11. Upon each ,ofy the wedge strips 12'is nailed a block.113, of" the form best shown in Figs. 1 and 4.* These blocks arerhomboidal vin cross sectionjnot rectangular. The form of the blocks issuch't in relation to the wedge strip 12 that `when the long side of ablock is laid upon the inclined surface the short sides will lie invertical planes. The size of the blocks will vary according to thecharacter of the work." Those shown in the foundationpart of Fig. 6 arelarger than those shown in the main wall. I have Vfound that anexcellent size for general purpose building,.and one whichl will servethe desired purpose'of enabling` what would otherwise be waste materialto be used. is a block about 1 on the shorter side and 1g to l on thelonger side.' The length of the blocks may vary, but in general the mostsatisfactory results will be obtained from yblocks four feet long ormultiples of four feet. Upon the pair kof blocks 13 laidupon thewedgestrips 12 will be nailed short pieces of lath 14. Owing to theinclination of the longer walls ofthe 'blocks 13, if the lath were dryit would break at the joints 15 but if the lath is green or watersoakedit will bend at these join/ts without Fig. 8 shows a meansfof"vbreaking, so that the strips of lath eXtendeach succeeding tier ofblocks will benailed y u desired, be a series of narrow blocks.

to the blocks below through these lath strips. As clearly shown in Figs.1 and 3, the ends of the blocks will be caused to break joints up thewall of the building requiring an extra tier 16 of lath strips, the endsof blocks being nailed into one another, as indicated at 1T in Fig. 1.

The corner structure of my building is clearly shown in Fig. 1 in whichalternate tiers of blocks extend through to the outside of each wall,the tiers not extending through being nailed to those which do extendthrough, as indicated at 18. This makes an extremely strong structure,especially so after the building has been plastered inside and out, aswill be later pointed out.

Referring again to Fig. 6, the foundation wall may, as shown, be carriedup some little distance above the ground level when special blocks 19will be nailed in and a cap strip 20 applied. This strip may be a singleboard ruiming clear through or it may, if It also may be omittedentirely. Upon the strip 20, or as shown in Fig. 5, directly upon thespecial blocks 19 and positioned above the tiers of lath 14 are placedthe lioor joist 21. Between the floor joist the walls will be built upby special blocks 22 laid in upon lath strips 14, as clearly shown inFig. 5, the blocks 22 being of just suiicient lenth to lit in endwisebetween pairs of joists. The joist. to be used may be the ordinarydimension floor joist or may be a structure such as shown in Fig. 12built up from edging blocks. In this structure the edging blocks 23,which may be in the neighborhood of an inch and a half square, arenailed upon each other and upon central spacing strips 24, thus forminga thoroughly rigid structure. It will be noted that the floor joistscoming in the line of the t-iers of lath form a part of the compressionmembers which include the lath and the blocks of wood lying between theplanes of the edges of the lath, and these compression members are thefull equivalent of the studding used in ordinary wooden buildingconstruction. In fact, the effect of this structure will be far superiorto that 'of ordinary studding, for the com` pression members or supportswill thus be an integral part of the walls of the building.

In place of floor joist to be covered with flooring in the usual way, Ihave devised a flooring strip, such as shown in Fig. 11, which can belaid from wall to wall without the employment of any joists whatever. Inthis iiooring strip outer boards 24 are employed which may be 1x4, 1x6,1x 8, etc., according to the extent of the floor to be laid. Between theboards 24 edging strips 25 are secured upon one another by nailing orotherwise, and the top of these edging strips are properly surfaced. Thebottoms of the boards 24 bear upon the sills and each board 24 will benailed upon the similar board of the adjacent strip from beneath. Thiswill give an extremely strong and lasting floor structure of what willbe in eifect one inch edge grain flooring, while at the same timeemploying what would otherwise be waste material. As shown in Fig. 11,the lower edges of the edgings can be left in their rough and unfinishedcondition.

r1`he wall structure for the gable ends of a building will be formedexactly the same as in the body of the wall except that in place of thesquare ended blocks 13 special blocks 26 will be employed having theends sawed to the bevel of the pitch of the roof. The tiers of lath 14will run up from the wall below in the same manner that the studding ofan ordinary building would be extended into the gable, while at the endsof the blocks adjacent the roof the lathy will run in a diagonal tier 2Tcorresponding to the pitch of the roof. In practice, I contemplatemanufacturing the gable blocks already fitted at the factory for abuilding of a given design, said blocks being properly numbered so thatthe builder will have no difficulty in placing the same in the building.This will also be true of the window cap structure shown in Fig. 8. Inthis struc ture one or more sets of strips 28, 29 are laid between thesets of blocks and the blocks on either side nailed to said strips. It.will be obvious that this will provide an arch structure as strong asmay be desired.

Figs. 9 and 1() illustrate a form of porch column constructed ofspecially devised blocks and designed to be covered with plaster. Theblocks 30 run longitudinally and are spaced by means of short radialstrips 31, the outside of the column being tightly wound by a wire 32'which may be placed on spirally or otherwise, as desired.

The structure shown in Fig. 6 discloses a foundation wall wider than thebody wall, and where desired the walls of the upper stories may be madeof less thickness than the walls of the stories just below. It is alsotrue that the air space 33 formed in my wall may be varied in widthbetween very considerable limits without adding to any extent to theamount of material used in the wall.

A building constructed in accordance with the invention herein disclosedis designed to be used without paper, sheathing, lath, or any other wallstructure excepting only the plaster, which will be laid directly uponthe outside and inside walls formed by the blocks 13. As is indicated inFig. 6, the mortar will enter the openings between blocks 13, and sincethese openings are downwardly turned, will form a clenching hold inthese openings which will retain the mortar in position as effectivelyas would metal or any other form of lath. This downward slope of theopenings between blocks is essential to, effect the aforesaid completelocking action. The air space between the inner and outer walls is ofuninterrupted eXtent and all of the nails used are buried in the body ofthe wall and do not extend from the outside to the inside, which is amatter of material advantage in resisting frost action and warping. Itis also true that this complete structure not only uses materials whichwould otherwise be largely waste but also may be as rapidly and morecheaply constructed than the old form of wooden building, for the reasonthat there is but one set of operations to be peformed and that of sucha simple nature that it may be done by comparatively unskilled labor.

I claim:

l. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocksspaced apart to form an intervening air chamber, and the individualblocks being held separated by transverse strips which bind the said twotiers into an integral wall structure, said blocks being rhoniboidal incross section and held in the wall with the short sides in verticalplanes so that the openings between the blocks slope downwardly towardthe center of the wall.

2. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocksrhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to forni an intervening airchamber, and lath secured between pairs of blocks of both tiers andholding the individual blocks spaced so that the openings formed betweenthe same will slope downwardly toward the center of the wall.

3. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocksrliomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening airchamber, said blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of facesin vertical planes, lath strips bet-Ween each adjacent pair kof blocksextending across both tiers, each set of lath strips running in avertical line from bottom to top of the wall, the blocks being nailedsuccessively upon one another through said lath strips which hold theindividual blocks separated with openings sloping downwardly toward thecenter of the wall, said lath being bent thereby to forni cross stripsbinding the tiers into a substantially integral wall struct-ure.

4. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocksrhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening airchamber, said blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of facesin vertical planes, lath strips between each adjacent pair of blocksextending across both tiers, each set of lath strips running in avertical line from bottom to top of the wall, floor joists having theends thereof set in said wall in said vert-ical lath lines, and shortblocks and lath strips continuing the wall structure between the joists.

5. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocksrhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening airchamber, said/blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of facesin vertical planes, lath strips between each adjacent pair of blocksextending across both tiers, each set of lath strips run- -niiig in avertical line from bottom to top of the wall, said lines of lathcorresponding in position to the studding of a common wooden buildingwall, the ends of said blocks being alternately set out of line to breakthe vertical line of joints thereof, and a separate vertical line oflath for supporting said ends.

6. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocksrhomboidal inv cross section and spaced apart to form an intervening airchamber, said blocks being positioned in the walls with one set of facesin vertical planes, lath strips between each adjacent pair of blockseXtending across both tiers, each set of lath stripsl running in avertical line from bottom to top of the wall, said lines of lathcorresponding in position to the studding of a common wooden buildingwall, and window er door caps formed integrally with the bo-dv of thewall by bracing strips nailed between the tiers to the blocks of eachtier and sloping from the central point of junction to the sides of theopening.

7. A wooden building having the walls formed of tiers of wooden blocksrhomboidal in cross section and spaced apart to vform an intervening airchamber, lath secured between pairs of blocks of both tiers and holdingthe individual blocks spaced so that the openings formed vbetween thesame will slo-pe downwardly toward the center of the wall, said blocksbeing laid directly upon the foundation, joists laid into the body ofthe wall, said blocks being of different sizes and diiferently spacedfor the basement wall and for the walls between joist levels or floors.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HAUGHTON BROWN.

Witnesses F. A. WHITELEY, H. A. BowMAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

